Análise da sustentabilidade económica-ambiental da pesca artesanal no distrito de Vilankulo 2009-2013

Abstract

Artisanal fishing is one of the main economic activities in the Vilankulo district, and important in the subsistence of the communities in the region. The work seeks to analyze the economic-environmental sustainability of artisanal fisheries in Vilankulo district (2009-2013), A sample of 136 fishermen was selected and semi-structured interviews were conducted in the 8 Community semi-structured interviews were carried out in the 8 Community Fishing Centers (CCP). In the economic scope the performance of the activity using the indicators Gross Revenue, Gross Margin, Net Cost Benefit Ratio and Profitability Index. And in the environmental dimension aspects such as respect for the closed season of the species, respect for the mesh size of the return to the aquatic environment of fish below the minimum size, number of fishermen per fishing area. From the results obtained in the study it was concluded that fishing in Vilankulo district is developed using fiber boats, wooden boats, dugout canoes, with 3 to 6 persons trunks, with 3 to 7 meters in length, powered by sails and oars, engines of 5, 15, 25, 30 and 40 Hp, where trawling is the main fishing gear with 88.97% of users. To ensure the sustainability in the activity, the District Government has intensified awareness in the use of line fishing, fish farming, and through the Fundo Fomento Pesqueiro (FFP) the Rotating Savings and Credit (PCR) program better known as "Xitique" was introduced in the Community Fishing Centers (CCP) to guarantee self-financing for the fishermen. During the fishery, the fish catches are oscillating between 10 to 30 kg per day sold at prices ranging from 20.00 MT to 70.00 MT. These sales of production yielded in 2011 a profit of 384,677.86 MT (the lowest of any period under analysis) while in 2013, generated a profit of 1,346,877.41 MT (the highest in relation to the period under review). With the fishing practice in Vilankulo district, there is a tendency for small traders to enter This activity boosts tourism, which in turn provides employment. This activity boosts tourism, which in turn provides employment; there is greater circulation of currency, increased levels of business. Still fishing, provides fish for consumption by family members and the surplus is sold for income. for income.

(TRADUÇAO NOSSA)