O problema da indução em David Hume: reflexão sobre os fundamentos epistemológicos das ciências empíricas

Abstract

The work has as its theme: The Problem of Induction in David Hume: reflection on the epistemological foundations of empirical sciences. The problem of induction is the philosophical question in which inductive reasoning, that is, a non-deductive prediction leads to knowledge. Now, a generalization is any argument that is concluded from particular truths. However, scientific knowledge is obtained from prepositions of observations by induction. Reflect on the problem of induction, in the context of experimental sciences and analyze them from skepticism in epistemology. Contextualize the questioning of induction in Modern science, debate and explain that induction is contingent inference and can only lead to a conclusion with a degree of probability of being correct. To establish the source and limit of knowledge, Hume proved its empirical value, given that experiences are indispensable to knowledge. The work is divided into three chapters and with the bibliographic method that consists of data collection and analysis, textual hermeneutics aimed at the lines of implementation of the work's research. Therefore, Hume shows that the Science of Human Nature is even more important than Physics and other sciences, due to the fact that they depend on the mode of human nature. The foundation of knowledge is experience and not reason, and that it depends largely on the belief generated by imagination and habit(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)