Perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana de Escherichia coli comensal isolado em amostras de fezes de indivíduos saudáveis em Maputo de Novembro de 2023 a Junho de 2024

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global challenge for public health, and the commensal bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) is used as a sentinel microorganism for AMR surveillance, especially in environments such as the intestinal tract. Although most commensal E. coli strains are harmless, in cases of compromised immunity, they can cause infections and are among the nine pathogens of greatest concern in terms of antibiotic resistance. The objective of this study is to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of commensal E. coli isolated from stool samples of healthy individuals in Maputo. The study analyzed 162 commensal E. coli isolates obtained from the Biobank of the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine (FAMED) at UEM, obtained from stool samples of healthy individuals in Maputo between November 2023 and June 2024. The Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (AST) was performed using the disk-diffusion method. A total of 162 commensal E. coli isolates were tested and revealed a high prevalence of resistance to ampicillin (42.0%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (41%), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (33%), tetracycline (27%), and amikacin (17%). Ciprofloxacin showed intermediate resistance in 55% of the samples. E. coli isolates showed sensitivity to imipenem (99%), cefepime (99%), meropenem (98%), piperacillin-tazobactam (98%), and ceftriaxone (94%). The prevalence of MDR was 29%. Carbapenems and cephalosporins maintain high sensitivity against the analyzed commensal E. coli isolates, which is consistent with their classification as reserve antibiotics. These data are crucial for guiding infection control and treatment policies in Mozambique.(TRADUÇAO NOSSA)