Frequência e factores relacionados ao descarte de bolsas de sangue e componentes sanguíneos no Serviço Nacional de Sangue entre Fevereiro e Maio de 2025

Abstract

This internship report describes the activities developed within the scope of the curricular internship carried out at the National Blood Service (SENASA) laboratory between February and May 2025. The internship lasted 3 months, with a workload of 8 hours per day, and its main objective was to analyze the frequency and factors related to the disposal of blood bags and blood components. During the period, 3,856 sample units were analyzed, distributed among the sectors of hemocomponent production (930), serology (1,463), and immunohematology (1,463). The analysis revealed that the expiration of the validity period constituted the main cause of disposal, representing a frequency of 54.7%. In second place, positive serological tests stood out (16.7%), with a higher frequency of infection by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), responsible for 4.17% of cases.

The most frequent blood group was group O with positive Rhesus factor, which corresponds to 52.5% of cases, followed by group A Rhesus positive (22.1%) and the least frequent blood group was group AB with negative Rhesus.

The internship allowed for the consolidation of technical and scientific knowledge acquired throughout the course, and enabled the improvement of laboratory practices, including the execution of tests and the critical interpretation of results, strengthening the capacity for analysis and decision-making in transfusion therapy contexts (TRADUÇAO NOSSA)