Elaboração de plano de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos para a Faculdade de Engenharia- UEM

Abstract

This study presents the development of an Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan (ISWMP) for the Faculty of Engineering at Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), aiming to enhance the management of solid waste generated from academic and laboratory activities. The research began with the characterization of waste produced in different departments such as DEQUI, DEMA, DECI, and DEEL, through identification, classification, and quantification of waste fractions. In DEQUI, paper was the predominant fraction (57%), followed by organic waste (18%) and metals (14%). In other departments, compositions varied, with significant presence of plastics, organic waste, and paper. The diagnosis revealed shortcomings in waste management, including lack of segregation, improper storage, and incorrect disposal. Laboratory waste, including hazardous chemicals, is often discarded improperly without prior treatment or proper containment. Waste such as lubricating oils, solvents, and reagents are discharged directly into the soil or sewage system, causing severe environmental impacts. To address these issues, the study proposes several waste management techniques: source segregation, where each type of waste is separated immediately after generation; adequate temporary storage to ensure safe containment; labeling of hazardous waste for clear identification; and safe transport for final disposal, with specialized companies responsible for handling hazardous and electronic waste. The ISWMP aims to ensure compliance with Mozambican environmental legislation, promote sustainable practices, and enable efficient waste management, contributing to the institution’s environmental and social responsibility.