Efeito da germinação Ex e In Vitro de sementes de Tindziva (dialium schlechteri harms) no desenvolvimento Inicial das plântulas

Abstract

Tindziva is a species of great importance in food, carpentry, and traditional medicine. However, it faces challenges related to propagation techniques. In addition, many species of the Fabaceae family, to which Tindziva belongs, have their germination limited by physical dormancy. In this context, the present study evaluated the effect of ex and in vitro germination of Tindziva seeds on the initial development of seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the Greenhouse (ex vitro) and in the Biotechnology Laboratory (in vitro) of the Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique, between July and August 2024. In the ex vitro experiment, the seeds were subjected to 7 treatments, corresponding to 6 scarification times with 95% H2SO4 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min) and 1 control (without scarification). Eighty seeds were used per treatment, divided into 4 replicates of 20 seeds each. In the in vitro experiment, the seeds had their seed coat removed and were incubated in two tissue culture media (MS – Murashige and Skoog and WPM – Woody Plant Medium), with 40 seeds used per treatment, in 4 replicates of 10 seeds each. The experiments were conducted following a completely randomized design (CRD) with a total duration of 45 days (ex vitro) and 15 days (in vitro). The variables evaluated were the duration, percentage and speed of germination, biometric variables and seedling survival rate. The results showed that ex vitro germination started on the 12th day for times 5, 20 and 30 min, with better germination rates in the treatments for 10 min (68%) and 20 min (74%). In vitro germination began on the 2nd day, reaching 100% germination and a germination speed of 3.8 in both MS and WPM media. On the other hand, in ex vitro, the 10 and 25 min times showed the best results for seedling growth, while in vitro resulted in similar performance in both MS and WPM media. The ex vitro correlation showed strong relationships between leaf area with the number of roots and seedling height, while in vitro showed strong relationships between all variables. The best ex vitro survival rates were observed at 20 min (95%) and 10 min (96.3%), while in vitro both WPM and MS media were above 95%. Thus, it was possible to demonstrate that through the protocols tested in this study, good germination of Tindziva was achieved.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)