Análise físico-química dos vinhos tintos importados comercializados no Mercado Municipal da Matola-gare (Vinho A, B e C)

Abstract

The analysis of the quality of imported wines is essential to ensure food safety and compliance with the identity and quality standards established by law. In Mozambique, wine consumption has grown, especially in urban centers, where imported products are widely marketed. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical and organoleptic parameters of imported red wines available at the Matola-Gare Municipal Market, focusing on brands Vinho A, B, and C. The methodology was based on the collection of samples by stratified sampling, followed by physical-chemical analyses that included the determination of pH by the potentiometric method, total acidity by volumetric titration, residual sugar by refractometry, and alcohol content by simple distillation followed by densimetry with a pycnometer. At the same time, organoleptic parameters such as packaging appearance, content, color, aroma, and flavor were evaluated. The tests were performed in triplicate, and the data were statistically processed using a randomized block design with the Tukey test (5% significance) by two-factor ANOVA (brands x blocks), and the Tukey test was applied only to the residual sugar parameter, as it showed significant differences (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the wines analyzed had pH values between 3.32-3.58 and total acidity between 4.5-10.2 g/L, both within the limits established by the Mozambican Standard. The alcohol content ranged from 21.17-24.40% v/v, and the residual sugar from 12-15°Brix, revealing small variations between brands. The results are outside the limits established by current legislation, compromising legal compliance. Organoleptic analyses showed that the wines had typical packaging, content, and color, with no evidence of sensory degradation, but the taste and smell varied in brands Vinho C and B, while brand Vinho A maintained greater uniformity. It is concluded that the results of the analyses of the three brands of wine sold in different bottle stores in the Matola-Gare neighborhood do not meet the requirements of public health law.