Avaliação da actividade antimicrobiana de extractos metanólicos e hexanólicos de macroalgas Caulerpa racemosa e Sargassum ilicifolium colectadas na Ilha de Inhaca, Província de Maputo

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing and challenging phenomenon for the pharmaceutical industry and public health worldwide, while threatening the elimination and control of infections caused mainly by bacteria and fungi. Prolonged treatment and diagnosis inadequate management of infectious diseases have led to the emergence of increasingly diverse microbial strains increasingly resistant to antimicrobials and more virulent. In response, the present study was conducted with a view to evaluating the antimicrobial activity of methanolic and hexanolic extracts macerated for 24 and 48 hours of macroalgae Caulerpa racemosa and Sargassum ilicifolium collected at the Lighthouse, Inhaca Island against the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal Candida albicans. Approximately 500g of macroalgae C. racemosa and S. ilicifolium were collected, the collected macroalgae were transported to the laboratory B9, where they were cleaned and placed to dry in the natural greenhouse for 4 days, where in the average temperature was 40 o C and then crushed using an electric mill until you get the powder. Macroalgae extracts were prepared using two solvents, methanol and n-hexane and the solutions were placed to macerate under agitation at 180 rpm in two stages different times (24 and 48 hours) and evaporated in a rotary evaporator until 1.5 ml of concentrated extracts were obtained. Phytochemical analyses were performed at the Chemistry Department of the Faculty of Sciences by the technique of Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrum (GC-MS) and the tests microbiological studies were carried out in the Microbiology laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine of UEM, by the disk diffusion technique. Phytochemical analyses of methanolic extracts of C. racemosa and S. ilicifolium carried out, revealed the presence of 23 phytochemical compounds, including, Neophytadiene, Acetaldehyde, 3,7,11,15 - Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol and acid hexadecanoic acid. The methanolic extract of C. racemosa revealed a greater diversity of compounds phytochemicals identified with 18 compounds in relation to methanolic extracts of S. ilicifolium which presented only 05 compounds. The results of microbiological tests, revealed that the best results were obtained in methanolic extracts of C. racemosa macerated for 48 hours as they inhibited the growth of all microbial strains tested in this study, namely: S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans.(TRADUÇAO NOSSA)