Contribuição das estradas na redução da pobreza em Moçambique 1996-2003

Abstract

Transport infrastructure is gaining an increasingly important role in the context of sustainable development, in full connection with the discussions on achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). In Mozambique, the Structural Adjustment and Stabilization reforms initiated in 1987, with the Structural Readjustment Program (PRE), and later called the Structural and Social Readjustment Program (PRES) in order to include the social component, brought a new dynamics in terms of macroeconomic performance. These reforms were felt, not only at the macroeconomic level, but also with regard to infrastructure development. In particular, transport infrastructure grew due, in part, to the implementation of the Roads and Coastal Shippimg (ROCS) programs, which had phases I and II. Prior to these programs, the road network was composed, with the exception of national roads, mainly of rudimentary access roads and tracks, many of which were impassable (Fiege et al, 2006:10). 7. Thus, the reconstruction of infrastructure (transport network, schools and health center) destroyed by the civil war that took place between the Mozambican army and the Mozambican National Resistance (Renamo) in the years 1976-1992 is considered a condition. key to the country's economic development and its importance is highlighted in the national strategy to combat poverty, the Plan of Action for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty (PARPA), as one of the main objectives (CDC, 2003:27). However, the construction of transport infrastructure alone is not enough to achieve poverty reduction, it is also essential that there is the provision of basic social services such as education and health. Despite efforts to reactivate the road sector, most access roads are in precarious condition. The geographic, economic and social isolation caused by this situation aggravates the situation of poverty.