Efeitos da deficiência de elementos nutrientes no desenvolvimento do amendoim - arachis hypogaea e feijão jugo - voandzeia subterrânea

Abstract

Peanuts (Arachis hipogaea) is a traditional crop among African populations and its introduction is important in tropical and subtropical regions due to its value for human consumption and 1 in the industry. In Mozambique, peanuts are mainly grown under low conditions. precipitation and infertile soils along the coast, where these soils are generally poor in nitrogen and phosphorus. Yoke bean (Underground flybean) is cultivated in subsistence agriculture in semi-grown regions. arid Africa where the success of other legumes is uncertain due to poor soils, drought and disease. The mineral nutrition of plants is an important factor in obtaining high yields, and its disability can limit their growth/development. Since mineral nutrition is important to plants, it is interesting to study its effects under deficiency conditions, namely the symptoms presented by plants in their growth, growth patterns, correlation between nutrient deficiency and plant growth and the correlation between nutrient deficiency' and its yield: The trial was set up in the nurseries of the greenhouse belonging to the Department of Biological Sciences from February to June 2003. During the period, plant development the treatment system “minus one factor” was used, ie a 'group of vessels received nutrition complete, however the other pots each time a macronutrient was not provided. During the harvest period, the plants were separated into root, stem, leaves, nodule and pods and subsequent determination of their dry weights. A global assessment of the level of occurrence of symptoms in peanut and common bean leaves shows that low levels of symptoms were recorded in the leaves, although the levels increased in weeks 8-15, as a result of higher nutrient requirements in the reproductive period. Symptoms of nutrient deficiency were most notable in non-magnesium treatments, Sulfur, Potassium and Phosphorus. Leaf dry weight, leaf area and yield were the parameters most affected by nutrient deficiency in plants