Mecanismos de mediação e resolução de conflitos na utilização dos recursos naturais com base na lei de terras distrito de Gondola-Manica

Abstract

This work has as main objective to study the mechanisms used in the mediation and resolution of land conflicts in Gondola, that is, to try to show to what extent the methods used in the resolution of land conflicts in Gondola are in accordance with the principles established in the Land Law 19/97. The necessary information gathering was based on the literature review, in a first phase of the work. The second phase consisted of collecting information in the field through semi-structured interviews submitted to 100 heads of households stratified into four equal groups. The survey results show that the main forms of land acquisition are: inheritance, offer, occupation, purchase and exchange. As for land management, the survey results show that land management is done through the formal system and the informal system. With regard to the perception of the Land Law, 87% of the population interviewed do not know the contents of the Land Law. From the research results, it was concluded that the conflicts identified in the work are linked to land tenure, as a weak land tenure acts as a stimulus for the emergence of land conflicts. The main conflicts identified in the field of study are: peasants-peasants, peasants-economic agents and peasants-local authorities. The resolution of land conflicts in the areas where the study took place does not comply with the parameters established in the Land Law. Land conflicts are resolved according to the type of land conflicts, origin of land conflicts and actors in land conflicts. Conflicts between peasants are resolved by the chief and/or formal structures based on confrontation or negotiation between the authors of land conflicts. Conflicts between peasants-economic agents and conflicts between peasants-local authorities are resolved by the competent local structures on the basis of force using power.