Avaliação da qualidade do diesel sintético produzido a partir de resíduos plásticos do tipo polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) pelo método de pirólise

Abstract

Maputo city occupies an area of 347.69 km 2 , with an estimated population of 1,209,992 inhabitants (INE, census 2007) and a population density of 4,033 Habi/km 2 . A Maputo City produces on average about 1209.992 tons of waste per day (considering that each inhabitant produces 1 kg of rubbish), of which 7.5% is plastic waste which is 7.5% of which is plastic waste which is deposited in the open air causing serious problems for the environment. In view of this situation, the general objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of synthetic diesel produced from plastic waste by the pyrolysis method. In the first phase a bibliographical research on the main subjects of solid plastic waste of the HDPE type and the pyrolysis method. In the second phase, a pyrolysis reactor with an old pressure cooker was adapted to produce pressure cooker was adapted for the production of synthetic diesel and in the third stage, the quality parameters of the produced diesel were determined: density, viscosity, iodine index, acidity index acidity index, calorific power and oxidative stability. The results obtained were compared with those of the standard EN 15940: 2016 + A1: 2018+ AC:2019 and the resolution n° 95/2018 of the Mozambique. The synthetic diesel was produced in a pressure cooker used as reactor with the following dimensions: diameter 8 cm, height 9 cm, capacity 452.16ml and capable to withstand temperatures of around (500 - 600) o C. The yield was 100 % with a mass proportion of 1:1, for a supply of 0.50g of plastic for each sample 0.50 ml of diesel was obtained. 0.50 ml of diesel was obtained for each sample, without carbonaceous residues. The analysis of the quality of the diesel produced revealed similarities with the mineral diesel, It was concluded that, the synthetic diesel from plastic is a bet with a future and can be seen as a more intense investment, because what makes it be seen as an alternative fuel and of extreme importance is the fact that the recycling of MSW, specifically plastic, and the production procedures are less complex in relation to the production process of synthetic diesel. (TRADUÇAO NOSSA)