Avaliação da morfométria, biologia reprodutiva e da pescaria de Tripneustes gratilla durante os meses de Outubro, Novembro de 2022 e Março de 2023 nas ilhas de Moçambique, Goa e Sena da zona costeira da província de Nampula

Abstract

Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus, 1758) is a species of sea urchins, belonging to the animal kingdom, phylum Echinodermata and class echinoidea. Gonads of Tripneustes gratilla are considered a fishing product of great food and economic importance in some coastal communities, which has intensified demand and fishing worldwide. Of the species of sea ​​urchins with food and economic importance exploited worldwide, T. gratilla, It is the only one exploited for consumption and as a means of subsistence in Mozambique. Given to the exploratory activity, it becomes essential to carry out studies to understand the morphometry, reproduction and fishing, observing its space-time variation, taking into account account the impact of fishing activity. Thus, the present work aimed to Objective: To evaluate the morphometry, reproduction and fishing of Tripneustes gratilla during the months of October, November 2022 and March 2023 on the islands of Mozambique, Goa and Sena from the coastal area of ​​Nampula province, to support the hypotheses that there are differences between gonad weight, gonadosomatic index, condition factor and recruitment of Tripeneustes gratilla from the three islands and the three months were monthly sampling was carried out on the three islands, taking into account the type of tide (spring or dead) with monthly “n” and per island equal to 400 individuals. The data allowed us to determine: index gonadosomatic, condition factor and recruitment both per month and per island, having been compared by Kruskal-Wallis tests (p <0.05%) which demonstrated differences statistically significant differences between the above variables both between islands and between months, the results also indicated that recruitment did not occur in the months evaluated. and urchins collected on Goa Island showed higher condition factor, heavier gonads and intermediate diameters between the three islands; the largest gonad weights and indices gonadosomatic were observed in November, the average gonadal index and weight of urchins collected at spring tide were larger. They were interviewed in January 2023 about 22 collectors of the species, which allowed obtaining data related to the component of the socioeconomic activity in the Sanculo area and the Mozambique Island area, noticing that each fisherman obtains on average 7 to 10 kg of gonads per day, resulting in a yield net average of 455 to 861 MT daily in Sanculo and Ilha de Moçambique respectively. To the collections occur in the summer period and the largest (CPUE) was recorded in March(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)