Dimensionamento de um purificador Venturi para a Fábrica Açucareira de Xinavane

Abstract

Faced with a diversified energy matrix, the Xinavane Sugar Factory (FAX) has sugarcane bagasse as its primary source of energy generation. The burning of biomass produces fine particles(𝑃𝑀2,5), suspended in the hot combustion gases that are easily breathable and harmful to human health, and can cause respiratory, cardiovascular, and other problems. FAX controls particle emissions using a multicyclone that is inefficient in collecting fine and ultrafine particles, which easily become suspended in the atmospheric air, endangering the health of factory workers and the surrounding population. In this sense, it is proposed to install new particulate emission control equipment. In this work, a Venturi Wet Scrubber was designed. The choice is justified by its low cost-benefit ratio, high efficiency in collecting fine particulate matter, and also taking into account the abundance of water available in the Incomati River, which is approximately 100 meters from the factory. To size the Venturi system, visits were made to the factory to map the location designed for the installation of the Scrubber and collect input data. Using formulas extracted from the literature and the ANSYS Fluent 16.0 simulator, calculations and simulations were performed with a view to obtaining optimal performance values. The Venturi Scrubber proved to be very efficient in purifying gases, with efficiencies greater than 98% for MP greater than 2.5 µm and greater than 95% for MP between 1.0 and 2.5 µm, for MP<1.0 µm, the efficiency was satisfactory with a maximum value of 71%. It was found that efficiencies were higher for high gas velocities, favoring the capture of particulate matter. It was concluded that the purifier was efficient in collecting fine particulate matter, with the optimal condition VG = 110 m/s and a liquid-gas ratio of 2L/𝑚3.