Políticas e práticas de conservação e preservação das artes rupestres em Moçambique: casos da ANAC, ARPAC, DNPC e INATUR

Abstract

This research falls within the anthropology of public policies and analyzes policies and practices of conservation and preservation of rock art in Mozambique: cases of ANAC, ARPAC, DNPC and INATUR. This work is based on the ethnographic method, direct observation, semi-structured interviews and informal conversations. The work investigated the various perceptions, social logics and actions developed for the conservation and preservation of rock art, with a focus on identifying the policies implemented by the institutions, identifying the hierarchies and profile of the employees of the institutions that oversee the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage, describing the vision of the employees of the institutions and how this vision influences the engagement of strategies to leverage programs aimed at the conservation and preservation of rock art at the national level, as well as describing local perceptions of the role of the societies surrounding these arts. This study highlights that collaboration between the aforementioned institutions, researchers, and local populations is fundamental to improving the implementation of strategies and programs for the conservation and preservation of rock art.

An integrated and coordinated approach is essential to address challenges and promote this heritage.

The analysis highlights the need for an interdisciplinary approach, emphasizing the importance of anthropology in understanding public policies and cultural practices. Anthropology, according to Shore and Wright (cited by Wedel, 2005), uses empirical methods to analyze cultural and social reality, allowing for a more critical and detailed view of conservation policies. However, instead of accepting policies without question, anthropology analyzes how they are formulated and interpreted, helping to understand their real impact on societies and cultural practices. Yanow apud Rodrigues (2008) describes that it is essential to understand the different perceptions and reactions of various social actors to comprehend the effectiveness of the implementation of public policies(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)