Viabilidade financeira da produção de tomate usando tecnologia tradicional e em sombrites no sector familiar no vale do Infulene

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the financial viability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production under two cultivation technologies, open field (traditional) and protected environment (shade nets) in the family sector of the Infulene Valley, in the City of Maputo. The research was motivated by the need to identify the most profitable and resilient production system to local climatic conditions, in order to support the decision-making of family farmers and potential agricultural investors. The methodology was based on the collection of primary data from local producers and the preparation of projected cash flows for a time horizon of ten (10) years. For the assessment of financial viability, the classic investment analysis indicators were applied, namely, the Net Present Value (NPV), the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), the Payback Period and the Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C). The Minimum Attractive Rate of Return (MARR) considered was 12.5%, according to the subsidized rate of the MADER Sustenta Program. The results demonstrated that both cultivation systems are financially viable; however, cultivation under shade netting proved to be more efficient and profitable. In the traditional open-field system, an NPV of US$4,281.15/ha was obtained, an IRR of 44%, a payback period of 1 year and 6 months, and a B/C ratio of 1.19, indicating moderate viability but high exposure to climatic and biological risks. In the shade netting system, an NPV of US$86,456.97/ha was recorded, an IRR of 33%, a payback period of 2 years and 1 month, and a B/C ratio of 1.43, evidencing greater economic efficiency, superior productivity, and greater yield stability throughout the year. Tomato production under shade netting constitutes a technically efficient and economically sustainable alternative for family farmers in the Infulene Valley, as it provides better use of resources, greater profitability, and less vulnerability to climatic variations. The study also provides useful information for producers, investors, and policymakers, contributing to the strengthening of urban and peri-urban horticulture in Mozambique.