Proposta de redução das perdas técnicas na rede de distribuição de energia eléctica no Bairro de Chamanculo A: estudo de caso pt222 – 500 KVA – Cidade de Maputo

Abstract

This internship report presents a technical assessment of the Low-Voltage distribution network supplied by the PT 222 transformer substation located in Chamanculo A, Maputo, aiming to determine actual technical losses, identify their main causes, and propose improvement strategies supported by quantitative modelling. The study included field measurements of voltage and current, geometric line mapping, and analytical modelling according to RTIEBT, RSRDEEBT, EDM MT/BT Technical Standards, and relevant IEC guidelines. Findings show that more than 95% of total losses originate from Joule effect (I²R) in conductors, with critical concentration along Feeder 3, due to its long extension and multiple remote branches. Severe voltage drop violations were recorded, with terminal values below 200 V on single-phase end points. Four optimisation scenarios were evaluated: conductor section upgrade, power-factor correction, network reconfiguration and load redistribution, and installation of an auxiliary transformer. The most impactful solution combines installing 3×95+70 mm² conductors on the critical segment, implementing an ≈85 kVAr capacitor bank, and redistributing part of the load. The integrated strategy significantly reduces losses, improves voltage profiles, and enhances overall system efficiency.