Dualismo financeiro na economia Moçambicana e seu impacto na estrutura produtiva do subsector do Álgodão

Abstract

The present work analyzes the financial dualism in the Mozambican economy and its impact on the productive structure, being the case study the cotton subsector. For Mozambique, a developing country, investment, through the financing of activities in the primary productive sector, such as agriculture, is of crucial importance due to the links associated with it, of upstream production, downstream growth and income and consumption. Poverty inhibits economic development, taking place more in rural areas than in urban areas. Indeed, according to data from the 2000 agricultural and livestock census, the incidence of poverty at the national level is 54.1%, with 55.3% in rural areas. In turn, the depth of poverty is 20.5% nationally, with 20.9% for rural areas. Data from the same census indicate that 3.27% of farms are dedicated to cash crops, while 96.73% are dedicated to basic food crops, which is substantiated by the use of rudimentary instruments and techniques. The formal financial sector, made up of commercial banks and credit cooperatives, do not consider the primary productive sector profitable, as they prioritize a quick and less risky return on loans, which disadvantages agriculture, benefiting activities such as commerce. Finding ways to overcome the weak accumulation of the agricultural sector, combined with low financing and the consequent low productivity, is the motivation that leads to the analysis made in the following chapters. The period to be considered part of the implementation of the Economic Rehabilitation Program (PRE) until the year 2005. However, it is necessary to make an analysis of the behavior of the financial system in the previous period and its implication in the productive structure of the economy in order to understand to what extent it conditioned the current situation, even taking into account the different prevailing political systems of government.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)