A análise crítica da fixação do salário mínimo em Moçambique no período de 1980-2008

Abstract

In defining the minimum wage, there is unanimity that it is the lowest remuneration and that this is governed by the law. The objective of setting the minimum wage is to provide social protection for unskilled workers in the formal labor market. There are several theories about the minimum wage, such as the Marxist that defends the protection of workers in relation to capitalist exploitation, the Keynesian defends the provision of stability and economic growth and the Neoclassical defines it as an obstacle to increasing employment, although some authors defend a positive relationship between the minimum wage and employment in the Monopsony. The minimum wage has effects on prices that cause inflation via cost or demand, it not only has effects on employment. In Mozambique, the setting of the minimum wage followed three periods, in the first period it was also subdivided into two sub-periods, the first sub-period, the Government fixed the wages and prices of the economy, in the second sub-period, it is recorded a differentiation of wages for employee and worker. In the second period, with the economic rehabilitation program, the liberalization of the economy was introduced, there is space for negotiation of wage fixing, but it was up to the Government to fix it. On this basis, the system that was used is the combined system of a single rate and by categories (Agricultural, industrial, services and others) which very little observed the economic criteria for fixing and readjusting. A formula was adopted that did not come into effect due to the difficulty of obtaining official data from INE on productivity and the disparity of the CPI. In the third period, there is a change in the criteria for setting and readjusting the minimum wage of the combined single rate system and per category for sectors of activity.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)