Análise dos ataques cibernéticos ao governo electrónico (2020-2023): o papel do Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação (INTIC)

Abstract

This research analyzes the digital threats faced by electronic government (e-GOV) in Mozambique, identifying the main types of cyberattacks, the factors that make e-GOV vulnerable, their consequences, as well as the challenges faced by INTIC in preventing and mitigating such incidents. The study is situated within the context of the Mozambican Public Administration, which has adopted electronic government as an instrument for administrative modernization aimed at improving efficiency, transparency, and the delivery of digital public services. However, the growing digitalization of public administration exposes the State to new cyber threats that may compromise the continuity and security of public services. In this context, INTIC plays a strategic role as the institution responsible for implementing cybersecurity policies, standards, and strategies, and is therefore essential for the consolidation and protection of electronic governance in the country. The relevance of this study lies in the need to strengthen the digital security of Public Administration by ensuring the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of governmental information. Methodologically, this is a basic research with a qualitative and descriptive approach, using the case study as a technical procedure and, as data collection techniques, bibliographic research, documentary analysis, and semi-structured interviews. The study is grounded in Systems Theory, based on the understanding that e-GOV is an open system that interacts with different sectors of society and, as such, may become vulnerable to attacks that threaten institutional and citizen data. The results show that cyberattacks represent a growing challenge for Public Administration, requiring coordinated actions and effective policies from INTIC and other governmental entities to ensure information security and maintain citizens’ trust in digital governance.