Principais factores que afectam a segurança alimentar e nutricional dos agregados familiares da localidade de Gueguegue, distrito de Boane

Abstract

2.531 / 5.000 Food and nutrition security (FNS) is one of the main requirements for the promotion and protection of human health and exists when all people have physical, economic, permanent and sustainable access to safe, nutritious and socially acceptable food in sufficient and appropriate quantities according to the intended use. Its effectiveness depends on multiple variables, from macroeconomic, regional and local to household variables, which presupposes the need to have a deep knowledge of these variables so that actions aimed at maintaining the FNS status in the world are effective. The present work aimed to study the main factors that affect Food and Nutrition Security (demographic and socioeconomic factors, indicators of availability, access and use of food) of households in the town of Gueguegue, Boane district, in order to establish recommendations that meet the specific needs of this town. Data collection was carried out based on a questionnaire addressed to a sample of 123 households in neighborhood 02 of the Gueguegue locality. Regarding demographic and socioeconomic factors, it was found that 52% of the households were headed by single women and that of the 123 households, only 43% performed paid professional activity, with the most frequent salary being <1 minimum wage for a household with an average of 5-6 members. Regarding food availability, it was found that 57% owned farms, however only 16% of these had food reserves. The average duration of food reserves was on average 1-2 weeks. There was a low practice of livestock activity in this locality and regarding access, a low consumption of meat, dairy products, fish, and a high consumption of sugars and cereals, which led to the classification of consumption as limiting. Regarding food consumption, most households had safe water sources and washed their hands at least before and after cooking and eating. However, most still used traditional latrines. These results show that interventions to ensure food security in this area should focus on guaranteeing alternative sources of income (increasing education and employability) and encouraging agriculture and livestock farming to ensure that food is available and has long-lasting reserves, in addition to educating residents about family planning and hygiene(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)