Protecção ambiental das áreas costeiras em Moçambique: uma análise da Praia da Costa de Sol

Abstract

The environmental degradation of coastal areas is a global issue that also affects Mozambique, where Costa do Sol Beach, in Maputo, faces significant environmental challenges. This study analyses the effectiveness of legal and administrative measures implemented for the protection of this coastal zone, considering the national and international legal framework, including the Environmental Law (Law No. 20/97), Decree No. 45/2006 on Pollution Prevention and Protection of the Marine and Coastal Environment, Decree No. 97/2020 on Coastal Zone and Beach Management and Planning, and Resolution No. 28/AM/2020 about Maputo Coastal Zone and Beach Management. The research reveals that despite a comprehensive regulatory framework, its enforcement is hindered by ineffective monitoring, overlapping institutional competencies, increasing pollution, and unregulated land occupation. Furthermore, coastal erosion and climate change pose additional threats that require more robust and coordinated responses. As recommendations, the study suggests strengthening environmental governance, improving enforcement mechanisms, increasing community involvement, and investing in sustainable strategies for the conservation of Costa do Sol Beach.